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Summary: in Germany an everyday current account is called a Girokonto. To open one you usually need a passport, a residence permit and a registration certificate (Meldebescheinigung). By law, every person legally resident in the EU has the right to a basic account (Basiskonto), even if banks are otherwise unwilling to open an account.
Why is a German bank account essential?
Your employer pays your salary only into a bank account, rent and insurance are usually paid by direct debit (Lastschrift/SEPA), and many contracts (mobile, internet, gym) cannot be concluded without a German or European IBAN.
Account types
Girokonto (current account)
The main account for receiving salary, making payments and having a bank card (Girocard or debit card). Many banks charge a monthly fee for it unless you have a minimum monthly deposit.
Basiskonto (basic account)
Under the Zahlungskontengesetz, banks are obliged to open a basic account for every consumer who is legally resident in the EU (including asylum seekers and holders of a Duldung). The bank must respond within 10 business days after receiving the complete application and must give any refusal in writing. Its fee must be “reasonable”.
Sperrkonto (blocked account)
For students and applicants for a student or job-search visa. A fixed amount is deposited and a portion is released each month. It is usually opened online before travelling.
Branch bank or online bank?
- Local banks (Sparkasse, Volksbank): branch in person, suitable for those who don’t yet speak German well and want face-to-face advice; the monthly fee is usually higher.
- Large private banks (Deutsche Bank, Commerzbank): branch network and English-language services.
- Online banks and neobanks: quick opening with video identity verification (Video-Ident) and an English app. However, some do not accept passports from certain countries for online verification; check the conditions before starting.
Required documents
- Valid passport
- Residence card (eAT) or national visa
- Meldebescheinigung (some banks also work with a temporary address without it)
- Tax number (Steuer-ID) – if you have one; if not, declare it later
- For students: university enrolment certificate (Immatrikulationsbescheinigung)
Special tips for Iranians
- Sanctions concern transfers to and from Iran, not opening an account for residents of Germany. As a legal resident you have the right to a Basiskonto.
- Banks may ask for proof of the source of funds (for example savings transferred from abroad). Have property sale documents, bank certificates and their official translations ready.
- Transferring money to or from Iran via German banks is practically impossible. Avoid informal methods and unknown individuals, as your account may be blocked because of suspicious transactions.
- If your application is rejected without reason, you can complain to BaFin.
What is SCHUFA?
SCHUFA is Germany’s most important credit rating agency. By opening an account, having mobile contracts and paying bills on time, you build your credit history. A SCHUFA report is almost always requested when renting a home. Once a year you can request a free report (Datenkopie nach Art. 15 DSGVO).
Opening an account in 5 steps
- Compare fees (monthly, card, ATM withdrawals)
- Apply online or book an appointment at a branch
- Identity verification (in person, Video-Ident or Post-Ident)
- Receive your IBAN – usually immediately or within a few days
- Receive the card and PIN by post in two separate letters
Frequently asked questions
Can I open a bank account in Germany with an Iranian passport?
Yes. With legal residence in Germany you have the right to at least a basic account (Basiskonto), and a bank cannot reject your application solely because of your nationality.
Can I open an account without Anmeldung?
Some online banks and blocked accounts open without a Meldebescheinigung, but most branch banks require it.
How does a Basiskonto differ from a regular Girokonto?
A Basiskonto has all the main functions (deposits, withdrawals, transfers, card) but usually has no overdraft facility (Dispo).
How can I send money to Iran?
Because of sanctions, German banks do not make direct transfers to Iran. Before using any other method, ask a reputable advisor whether it is legal.
To find a Persian-speaking financial or tax advisor, see the directory of Iranian businesses.
This article is not financial or legal advice. Bank conditions change; check each bank’s terms before deciding. Last updated: September 2026.
