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Summary: in Germany there are two “tax numbers” that are often confused. The Steuer-ID (tax identification number) is a lifelong 11-digit number given to every person; the Steuernummer is issued by the local tax office (Finanzamt) for specific tax files (such as self-employment or a tax return).
What is the Steuer-ID?
This number is unique to each person and does not change for life, even if you change city or employer. Your employer asks for it to calculate wage tax (Lohnsteuer), and it is also needed for the tax return.
How and when does it arrive?
After you register your address (Anmeldung), the registration office sends your details to the Federal Central Tax Office (BZSt), and within about two to four weeks the number is sent by post to your address. Keep the letter; you need this number for your employment contract, bank, Kindergeld and tax return.
What if I lose the number?
You can request a re-send on the official BZSt website, or find the number on a payslip, a previous tax return or a letter from the tax office. For a re-send you must enter your personal details and registered address.
What is the Steuernummer?
The Steuernummer is issued by the Finanzamt of your place of residence or activity and is used in cases such as self-employment, issuing invoices, renting out property or filing a separate return. If you are an employee you usually have only a Steuer-ID until the Finanzamt opens a file for you. It may change if you change tax office or place of residence.
Don’t forget the Steuerklasse
For employees, the “Steuerklasse” (tax class) determines how much is deducted from your salary each month. Married people can choose a combination of classes. For details on the return and tax refunds, see the tax return guide.
Frequently asked questions
What happens if I don’t have a Steuer-ID?
The employer may tax your salary at the highest rate, class VI, until you provide the number. So give the number to your employer immediately after the letter arrives.
Is the Steuer-ID the same as the insurance number?
No; the social security number (Sozialversicherungsnummer) and the health insurance number are separate.
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